Instrumentation

Unit-1 (10 Lectures, Marks 15)

DC and AC indicating Instruments: Accuracy and precision, Types of errors, PMMC
galvanometer, sensitivity, Loading effect , Conversion of Galvanometer into ammeter,
Voltmeter and Shunt type ohmmeter, Multimeter.

Unit- 2 (20 Lectures, Marks 25)

Oscilloscopes: CRT, wave form display and electrostatic focusing, time base and sweep
synchronisation, measurement of voltage, frequency and phase by CRO, Oscilloscope
probes, Dual trace oscilloscope, Sampling Oscilloscope, DSO and Powerscope: Block
diagram, principle and working, Advantages and applications, CRO specifications
(bandwidth, sensitivity, rise time).
Signal Generators: Audio oscillator, Pulse Generator, Function generators.

Unit - 3 (10 Lectures, Marks 15)

Transducers: Basic requirements of transducers, Transducers for measurement of nonelectrical quantities: Types and their principle of working , measurement of Linear
displacement, Acceleration, Flow rate, Liquid level, strain, Force, Pressure, Temperature.

Unit - 4 (20 Lectures, Marks 25)

Data acquisition systems: Block diagram, brief description of preamplifier, signal
conditioner, instrumentation amplifier, waveform generator, A/D and D/A converter blocks,
computer controlled test and measurement system.
Bio-medical instrumentation: Bio-Amplifiers: Bio potentials - Bio-electricity - Necessity for
special types of amplifiers for biological signal amplifications - Different types of Bio-OP
- Amps. Electrodes for ECG, EEG, and EMG, block diagram of ECG and EEG systems,
brief analysis of graphs.

Suggested Books:

1. Electrical Measurement in Measuring Instruments. Goldwing E.W. and Widdies
2. Electrical and Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation Sahwany A.K.
3. Instrumentation devices and systems: Rangan, Sarma, Mani, TMH
4. Instrumentation measurement and analysis: Nakra B C, Chaudry K K, TMH
5. Handbook of biomedical instrumentation: Khandpur R S, TMH
6. Measurement systems applications and design: Doeblin E O, McGraw Hill, 1990.
7. Electron measurements and instrumentation techniques: Cooper W D and Helfric A
D, PHI, 1989.
8. Biomedical instrumentation and measurements: Leslie-Cromwell, Fred J Weibell,
Erich A Pfieffer, PHI, 1994.
9. Mechatronics – principles and applications, Godfrey C Onwubolu, Elsevier, 2006

Instrumentation Lab
60 Lectures , Marks 40

1. Design of multi range ammeter and voltmeter using galvanometer.
2. To determine the Characteristics of resistance transducer - Strain Gauge
(Measurement of Strain using half and full bridge.)
3. To determine the Characteristics of LVDT.
4. To determine the Characteristics of Thermistors and RTD.
5. Measurement of temperature by Thermocouples and study of transducers like
AD590 (two terminal temperature sensor), PT-100, J- type, K-type.
6. Characterization of bio potential amplifier for ECG signals.
7. Study on ECG simulator
8. Measurement of heart sound using electronic stethoscope. Study on ECG heart rate
monitor /simulator
9. Study of pulse rate monitor with alarm system
10. Measurement of respiration rate using thermister /other electrodes.

Paper II Oral History

Objectives:
Oral history is a dominant field of history writings for knowledge and information. The
purpose of this course is to introduce students to the theories, methods and ethics of oral
history and its significance to the historical literature. It will help students in better
understanding of the tools available for history writing beyond static sources.

Unit-1 1.01 Definitions of Oral history-Meaning of Key Concepts
1.02 Scope-Significance of Oral history, Objectivity and Oral Sources

Unit-2 2.01 Collecting and Preserving memoirs and Oral history
2.02 Facts versus Truth-Errors in Oral history
2.03 Listening –Ethics and responsibilities

Unit-3 3.01 Myths
3.02 Folklore
3.03 Gender and Oral history

Unit-4 3.01 Interviewing techniques
3.02 Interpreting memories
3.03 Transcribing and Oral history

Suggested References:
Baum, W.K. Transcribing and Editing Oral History
Hoopes,James Oral History: An Introduction for Students
McMahan, E.V. & Rogers, K.L. (eds) Interactive Oral History: Interviewing
Perks R & Thomson, A. The Oral History Reader
Riitchie D.A., Doing Oral History A Practical Guide

Operational Amplifiers and Applications

Unit-1 (18 Lectures, Marks 25)

Basic Operational Amplifier: Concept of differential amplifiers (Dual input balanced and unbalanced
output), constant current bias, current mirror, cascaded differential amplifier stages with concept of level
translator, block diagram of an operational amplifier (IC 741)
Op-Amp parameters: input offset voltage, input offset current, input bias current, differential input
resistance, input capacitance, offset voltage adjustment range, input voltage range, common mode rejection
ratio, slew rate, supply voltage rejection ratio.

Unit-2 (18 Lectures, Marks 25)
Op-Amp Circuits: Open and closed loop configuration, Frequency response of an op-amp in open loop and
closed loop configurations, Inverting, Non-inverting, Summing and difference amplifier, Integrator,
Differentiator, Voltage to current converter, Current to voltage converter. Comparators: Basic comparator,
Level detector, Voltage limiters, Schmitt Trigger.
Signal generators: Phase shift oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator, Square wave generator, triangle wave
generator, saw tooth wave generator, and Voltage controlled oscillator(IC 566).

Unit-3 (12 Lectures, Marks 15)

Multivibrators (IC 555): Block diagram, Astable and monostable multivibrator circuit, Applications of
Monostable and Astable multivibrators. Phase locked loops (PLL): Block diagram, phase detectors, IC565.
Fixed and variable IC regulators: IC 78xx and IC 79xx -concepts only, IC LM317- output voltage equation

Unit-4 (12 Lectures, Marks 15)

Signal Conditioning circuits: Sample and hold systems, Active filters: First order low pass and high pass
butterworth filter, Second order filters, Band pass filter, Band reject filter, All pass filter, Log and antilog
amplifiers.

Suggested Books:

1. R. A. Gayakwad, Op-Amps and Linear IC’s, Pearson Education (2003)
2. R. F. Coughlin and F. F. Driscoll, Operational amplifiers and Linear Integrated circuits, Pearson
Education (2001)
3. J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics, Tata McGraw-Hill,(2001)
4. A.P.Malvino, Electronic Principals,6th Edition , Tata McGraw-Hill,(2003)
5. K.L.Kishore,OP-AMP and Linear Integrated Circuits, Pearson(2011)

Operational Amplifiers and Application Lab (Hardware and Circuit Simulation Software)
60 Lectures, Marks 40

1. Study of op-amp characteristics: CMRR and Slew rate.
2. Designing of an amplifier of given gain for an inverting and non-inverting configuration using an opamp.
3. Designing of analog adder and subtractor circuit.
4. Designing of an integrator using op-amp for a given specification and study its frequency response.
5. Designing of a differentiator using op-amp for a given specification and study its frequency response.
6. Designing of a First Order Low-pass filter using op-amp.
7. Designing of a First Order High-pass filter using op-amp.
8. Designing of a RC Phase Shift Oscillator using op-amp.
9. Study of IC 555 as an astable multivibrator.
10. Study of IC 555 as monostable multivibrator.
11. Designing of Fixed voltage power supply using IC regulators using 78 series and 79 series 

C Programming and Data Structures

Unit- 1 (12 Lectures, Marks : 15)

C Programming Language: Introduction, Importance of C, Character set, Tokens, keywords, identifier,
constants, basic data types, variables: declaration & assigning values. Structure of C program
Arithmetic operators, relational operators, logical operators, assignment operators, increment and decrement
operators, conditional operators, bit wise operators, expressions and evaluation of expressions, type cast
operator, implicit conversions, precedence of operators. Arrays-concepts, declaration, accessing elements,
storing elements, two-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays. Input output statement and library functions
(math and string related functions).

Unit-2 (20 Lectures, Marks : 25)

Decision making, branching & looping: Decision making, branching and looping: if, if-else, else-if, switch
statement, break, for loop, while loop and do loop. Functions: Defining functions, function arguments and
passing, returning values from functions.
Structures: defining and declaring a structure variables, accessing structure members, initializing a structure,
copying and comparing structure variables, array of structures, arrays within structures, structures within
structures, structures and functions. Pointers.
Introduction to C++: Object oriented programming, characteristics of an object-oriented language.

Unit-3 (14 Lectures, Marks : 20)

Data Structures: Definition of stack, array implementation of stack, conversion of infix expression to prefix,
postfix expressions, evaluation of postfix expression. Definition of Queue, Circular queues, Array
implementation of queues. Linked List and its implementation, Link list implementation of stack and queue,
Circular and doubly linked list.

Unit-4 (14 Lectures, Marks : 20)

Searching and sorting: Insertion sort, selection sort, bubble sort, merge sort, linear Search, binary search.
Trees : Introduction to trees, Binary search tree, Insertion and searching in a BST, preorder, postorder and
inorder traversal (recursive)

Suggested Books:

1. Yashavant Kanetkar, Let Us C , BPB Publications
2. Programming in ANSI C, Balagurusamy, 2nd edition, TMH.
3. Byron S Gottfried, Programming with C , Schaum Series
4. Brian W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie, The C Programming Language, Prentice Hall
5. Yashavant Kanetkar, Pointers in C, BPB Publications
6. S. Sahni and E. Horowitz, “Data Structures”, Galgotia Publications
7. Tanenbaum: “Data Structures using C”, Pearson/PHI.
8. Ellis Horowitz and Sartaz Sahani “Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms”, Computer Science Press.

C Programming and Data Structures Lab

1. Generate the Fibonacci series up to the given limit N and also print the number of elements in the
series.
2. Find minimum and maximum of N numbers.
3. Find the GCD of two integer numbers.
4. Calculate factorial of a given number.
5. Find all the roots of a quadratic equation Ax2
 + Bx + C = 0 for non – zero coefficients A, B and C.
Else report error.
6. Calculate the value of sin (x) and cos (x) using the series. Also print sin (x) and cos (x) value using
library function.
7. Generate and print prime numbers up to an integer N.
8. Sort given N numbers in ascending order.
9. Find the sum & difference of two matrices of order MxN and PxQ.
10. Find the product of two matrices of order MxN and PxQ.
11. Find the transpose of given MxN matrix.
12. Find the sum of principle and secondary diagonal elements of the given MxN matrix.
13. Calculate the subject wise and student wise totals and store them as a part of the structure.
14. Maintain an account of a customer using classes.
15. Implement linear and circular linked lists using single and double pointers.
16. Create a stack and perform Pop, Push, Traverse operations on the stack using Linear Linked list
17. Create circular linked list having information about a college and perform Insertion at front, Deletion
at end.
18. Create a Linear Queue using Linked List and implement different operations such as Insert, Delete,
and Display the queue elements.
19. Implement polynomial addition and subtraction using linked lists.
20. Implement sparse matrices using arrays and linked lists.
21. Create a Binary Tree to perform Tree traversals (Preorder, Postorder, Inorder) using the concept of
recursion.
22. Implement binary search tree using linked lists. Compare its time complexity over that of linear
search.
23. Implement Insertion sort, Merge sort, Bubble sort, Selection sort. 

Web Programming with PHP, MySQL

Objective:
The course is designed with an objective to
 Understand basic PHP programming elements, variables, data types, operations,
functions and control structures.
 Use PHP for handling user input from web forms.
 Create a database and access data using MySQL.
 Use PHP to interface with a MySQL database via web forms.
 Create database driven web applications with PHP and MySQL

Learning Outcome:
On completion of the course, students will be able to
 Design web applications using PHP.
 Demonstrate the ability to use MySQL as a back end database for web applications.
 Design database driven web application with PHP and MySQL.

Unit I: 5L
Introduction to PHP: What is PHP, Basics of PHP, Benefits Of Using PHP MYSQL, Server
Client Environment, Web Browse Web Server Installation & Configuration.

Unit II: 10L
Development Concept: How PHP Script Work, PHP Syntax, Embed PHP In HTML/HTML in
PHP, PHP Data Type, Variable in PHP, Contents in PHP , Operators in PHP, If Statement,
If......Else Statement, Nested If Statement, Switch Statement.

Unit III: 15L
Looping structure, array and functions: While loop, do-while loop, for loop, what is array,
syntax of array, multidimensional array, What is function, Syntax of function, User Defined
Function, System Defined Function, Parameterized Function, some string functions of PHP.

Unit IV: 20L
Working with MYSQL: Working with phpMyAdmin, Types of Data Type, Creating Database
& Tables, Dropping Database & Tables, Adding Fields, Selecting Table, Database Connections,
Managing Database Connections, Performing Queries, Closing Connection, Create Database &
Table.

Books Recommended:
1. Holzner S. ,”The Complete Reference PHP”– McGraw Hill Education,2017
2. Welling L.,Thomson L, PHP and MySQL Web Development”, Pearson Education,2017.
3. Vaswani V, “The Complete Reference MySQL”, McGraw Hill Education, 2017.
4. Powell T.,”The Complete Reference HTML & CSS”, McGraw Hill Education, 2017.

Computer Lab Based on Web Programming with PHP, MySQL:
 HTML Form data handling with PHP
 Design web application using PHP and MYSQL

Photonics

Unit-1 (20 Lectures, Marks 25)

Light as an Electromagnetic Wave: Plane waves in homogeneous media, concept of
spherical waves. Reflection and transmission at an interface, total internal reflection,
Brewster’s Law. Interaction of electromagnetic waves with dielectrics: origin of refractive
index, dispersion.
Interference : Superposition of waves of same frequency, Concept of coherence,
Interference by division of wavefront, Young’s double slit, Division of Amplitude, thin film
interference, anti-reflecting films, Newton’s rings; Michelson interferometer. Holography.
Diffraction: Huygen Fresnel Principle, Diffraction Integral, Fresnel and Fraunhoffer
approximations. Fraunhoffer Diffraction by a single slit, rectangular aperture, double slit,
Resolving power of microscopes and telescopes; Diffraction grating: Resolving power and
Dispersive power

Unit-2 (10 Lectures, Marks 15)

Polarization: Linear, circular and elliptical polarization, polarizer-analyzer and Malus’ law;
Double refraction by crystals, Interference of polarized light, Wave propagation in uniaxial
media. Half wave and quarter wave plates. Faraday rotation and electro-optic effect.

Unit-3 (15 Lectures, Marks 20)

Light Emitting Diodes: Construction, materials and operation.
Lasers: Interaction of radiation and matter, Einstein coefficients, Condition for
amplification, laser cavity, threshold for laser oscillation, line shape function. Examples of
common lasers. The semiconductor injection laser diode.
Photodetectors: Bolometer, Photomultiplier tube, Charge Coupled Device. Photo
transistors and Photodiodes (p-i-n, avalanche), quantum efficiency and responsivity.
LCD Displays: Types of liquid crystals, Principle of Liquid Crystal Displays, applications,
advantages over LED displays.

Unit-4 (15 Lectures, Marks 20)

Guided Waves and the Optical Fiber: TE and TM modes in symmetric slab waveguides,
effective index, field distributions, Dispersion relation and Group Velocity. Step index
optical fiber, total internal reflection, concept of linearly polarized waves in the step index
circular dielectric waveguides, single mode and multimode fibers, attenuation and
dispersion in optical fiber.

Suggested Books:

1. Ajoy Ghatak, Optics, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi (2005)
2. E. Hecht, Optics, Pearson Education Ltd. (2002)
35
3. J. Wilson and J. F. B. Hawkes, Optoelectronics: An Introduction, Prentice Hall India
(1996)
4. S. O. Kasap, Optoelectronics and Photonics: Principles and Practices, Pearson
Education (2009)
5. Ghatak A.K. and Thyagarajan K., “Introduction to fiber optics,” Cambridge Univ.
Press. (1998)

Photonics Lab
60 Lectures, Marks 40

1. To verify the law of Malus for plane polarized light.
2. To determine wavelength of sodium light using Michelson’s Interferometer.
3. To determine wavelength of sodium light using Newton’s Rings.
4. To determine the resolving power and Dispersive power of Diffraction Grating.
5. Diffraction experiments using a laser.
6. Study of Faraday rotation.
7. Study of Electro-optic Effect.
8. To determine the specific rotation of scan sugar using polarimeter.
9. To determine characteristics of LEDs and Photo- detector.
10. To measure the numerical aperture of an optical fiber. 

Discipline Specific Elective (Any Four)

Objective:
The objective of this paper is to give a general outline of the history of Assam from the 13th
century to the occupation of Assam by the English East India Company in the first quarter of
the 19th century. It aims to acquaint the students with major stages of developments in the
political, social and cultural history of the state during the most important formative period

Unit-1 1.01 : Sources: Archaeological, Numismatic,
 Epigraphy, Literary Sources
1.02 : State Formation in Early Assam
1.03 : Varmana, Salastambha and Pala dynasty

Unit-2 2.01 : Foundation of the Ahom State and its Consolidation
2.02 : State Formation in the Brahmaputra Valley-the Chutiya, Kachari,
the Koch States and Bara-Bhuyans
2.03 : Expansion of the Ahom Kingdom in the 16th century
2.04 : Political Developments in the 17th century,
 Ahom-Mughal Conflict

Unit-3 3.01 : Tribal Kingdoms and Chiefdoms in Lower
 Assam region-their relations with the Ahom
State
3.02 : Post-Saraighat Assam, the Court crisis and
 Political Developments
3.03 : Ascendancy of the Tungkhungia Dynasty
3.04 : Ahom Rule at its zenith

Unit-4 4.01 : Decline and Fall of the Ahom Kingdom, the Moamariya Rebellion
4.02 : The Burmese Invasions
4.03 : The English East India Company in Assam Politics- the Treaty of
Yandaboo 1826

Unit-5 5.01 : The Ahom System of Administration-the Paik and the Khel system,
5.02: Ahom Policy towards the Neighbouring Tribes- the systems of Duar,
Posa, Khat and Pam .
5.03: Ahom Relations with the States of Manipur and Tripura

Suggested Readings:
Barpujari, H.K. : Assam in the Days of the Company
Baruah,S.L.: A Comprehensive History of Assam
Boruah, Nirode and Surajit Baruah: Asomar Itihas
Dutta, A.K. : Maniram Dewan and the Contemporary Assamese Society
Gait E.A. : A History of Assam
Nath. D.: Asam Buranji

Reference Books:

Acharyya, N.N.: The History of Medieval Assam
Baruah, S.L. : Last Days of Ahom Monarchy(1769-1826)
Baruah, S.L. and D. Nath : Chutiya Jatir Buranji
Bhuyan, N.C. : Baro Bhuyanr Chamu Buranji
Basu, N.K. : Assam in the Ahom Age (1228-1826)
Bhuyan, S.K. : Anglo-Assamese Relations(1771-1826)
Bhuyan, S.K.(ed.) : Asam Buranji
Bhuyan, S.K. : Tungkhungia Buranji, by Srinath Duara Barbarua
Devi,L. : Ahom-Tribal Relations
Dutta, A.K.: Maniram Dewan and the Contemporary Assamese Society
Gogoi, L. : A History of the System of Ahom Administration
Gohain, U.N.: Assam under the Ahoms.
Nath, D. : History of the Koch Kingdom
Sarma, A.C.: Tai-Ahom System of Government